What is a Car Alignment?

You've probably heard of getting your wheels aligned as part of routine car maintenance. But what exactly does a car alignment involve and why is it important?

This article will explain the basics of automotive alignments in everyday terms. We’ll look at how alignments work, their benefits, alignment measurements, and signs you need an alignment service. Read on for a primer on mastering this key maintenance task.

What is a Car Alignment?

A wheel alignment (sometimes just called an alignment) refers to adjusting the angles of a vehicle's wheels so they are positioned correctly relative to each other and the road surface.

Proper wheel alignment makes sure the wheels are pointing in the proper direction as the car moves down the road. This reduces uneven tire wear and improves overall handling and stability.

Alignments compensate for factors like new tires or suspension repairs that can knock wheels out of ideal positions. A trained technician performs adjustments and uses special machines to measure alignment angles.

Why Wheel Alignment Matters

Getting periodic alignments provides some major benefits for your vehicle:

• Maximizes tire life - Keeps tires wearing evenly and Lasting to full tread life. Reduces uneven patterns.
• Improves fuel economy - Correctly aligned wheels have less rolling resistance, improving MPG.
• Enhances handling - Vehicle tracks straight and turns predictably when wheels are aligned properly.
• Promotes safety - Good alignment reduces risks of blowouts, loss of control, and accidents.
• Saves money - Getting alignments extends tire life so you buy new tires less often.
• Provides comfort - Proper alignment reduces vibration and noise for a smoother ride.

For minimal costs, regular alignments save you money in the long run and keep your car driving safely and comfortably.

Alignment Measurements Explained

Alignments involve measuring a car's key wheel angles and making adjustments. Here are the main alignment measurements technicians check:

• Camber - Angle of the wheel inward or outward from vertical. Camber helps stability when cornering.
• Caster - Angle of the steering pivot axis from vertical. Caster makes steering wheel return to center when released.
• Toe - Angle of the wheels toward or away from each other. Toe promotes stability at higher speeds.

Here's an overview of each measurement:

Alignment	Definition	Ideal Angle
Camber	Wheel tilt top to bottom	Very slight inward tilt
Caster	Pivot placement front to back	Slight rearward tilt
Toe	Wheel direction side to side	Very slight toe in

Specialized alignment machines use sensors or laser technology to precisely measure the angles during adjustment. This helps get wheel angles within the car manufacturer's specifications.

The Wheel Alignment Process

Here is an overview of what happens when you get a wheel alignment service:

1. Vehicle is driven onto the alignment rack or lift.
2. Technician attaches wheel sensors or targets for alignment measurements.
3. Initial measurements are taken by the alignment machine before adjustments.
4. Technician makes precise adjustments to wheel angles as needed. This may involve manipulating suspension parts.
5. When all angles are within specifications, the alignment is complete.
6. Technician provides a printout showing the before and after alignment measurements.

The alignment process requires no wheel disassembly. A complete alignment inspection and adjustment typically takes 45-60 minutes.

Many shops recommend alignments every 12,000 to 15,000 miles to maintain the benefits of proper wheel positioning. Alignments are also needed after new tires, suspension repairs, or hitting potholes.

Signs Your Car Needs an Alignment

Watch for these warning signs that your wheels may be out of alignment and need adjustment:

• Uneven tire wear - Wear on edges indicates misalignment. Bald spots mean improper camber.
• Pulling left or right - Vehicle constantly drifts out of straight line driving. Indicates toe misalignment.
• Wandering on highway - Car is not tracking straight and requires steering corrections. Signals toe issue.
• Wheel vibration - Steering wheel or seat shaking points to alignment problem.
• Squealing tires - Tires scrubbing on turns signals improper camber.
• Bouncing - Excessive bounce over bumps indicates worn bushings needing alignment.

Don't put off an alignment service once you notice these warning signs. Driving with poor alignment accelerates uneven tire wear and can lead to serious tire failures or loss of control.

Wheel Alignment Costs

Alignment prices can vary by location but typically average:

• $50 - $75 for a basic alignment - This adjusts toe only, which tends to deviate the most.
• $100 - $150 for a full alignment - Adjusts all angles - toe, camber, and caster.
• $175 - $300 for an advanced alignment - Uses more sophisticated equipment like laser alignment systems. May include adjustments to rear wheels.
• Additional costs for parts replacement - Worn steerage and suspension parts often need replacement along with an alignment.

Getting alignments done as recommended intervals is far cheaper than paying for premature tire replacement caused by misalignment. Maintaining proper alignment from the start prevents uneven wear patterns.

FAQs

Here are answers to some additional common questions about car alignments:

How often should I get an alignment?

Most experts recommend alignments every 12,000-15,000 miles. More frequent alignments may be needed if you drive on poor roads, hit curbs often, or rotate tires frequently. Have alignments done whenever new tires are installed.

When do I need a front end alignment vs a full 4 wheel alignment?

Basic front end alignments adjusting toe are sufficient for many cars. Full alignments also check camber and caster, which are usually only needed after suspension repairs or lifting. Get full alignments if you notice uneven rear tire wear.

Can I drive after an alignment?

Yes, you can immediately drive normally after an alignment service. Make sure you get realignment done if you notice unusual tire wear patterns continuing. Minor adjustments can be needed as components settle.

Do alignments wear out over time?

Alignments don't wear out per se, but the angles can deviate over miles of driving due to normal mechanical shifts and settling. Bushings also loosen over time leading to gradual misalignment. Regular alignments compensate for these changes.

Should I get an alignment with new tires?

Yes, it's strongly recommended to get an alignment service whenever new tires are installed. New tires should be matched to proper wheel angles right from the start to prevent uneven wear patterns from developing.

Understanding the basics around car alignments will ensure your vehicle's wheels stay in proper alignment for maximum tire life, handling, and safety. Look for signs like pulling, vibration, and uneven wear as cues to get your alignment inspected. Regular alignments are one of the most affordable maintenance services you can get for protecting your investment!

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